What does MOQ mean in dog bed sourcing?

MOQ is the minimum order quantity a supplier will accept, often stated per model and per color.

What is the difference between FOB and EXW?

Under EXW the buyer collects goods at the supplier's door; under FOB the supplier delivers them onto the vessel at the named port.

AQL is the acceptable quality limit, a sampling plan that sets how many defects in an inspected sample a lot may contain before it is rejected.

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Quotes and spec sheets use shorthand. This glossary defines the terms that appear most often in dog bed sourcing.

Term	Meaning
MOQ	Minimum order quantity. The smallest order a supplier will accept, often stated per model and per color.
Lead time	Days from confirmed order and deposit to goods ready at the supplier. It does not include sea or air transit.
Sample lead time	Days to make a sample. It is usually shorter than production lead time.
OEM	Production to your design or specification, normally with your label.
ODM	The supplier provides the design, and you select options and put your label on it.
Private label	A product sold under your brand name, made by a supplier.
Drop-ship	The seller takes the order and the supplier or a logistics partner ships to the customer.
Tooling or pattern fee	A one-time cost for custom cutting patterns, labels, or molds.

Term	Meaning
EXW	Ex works. The buyer collects goods at the supplier's door and carries cost and risk from there.
FOB	Free on board. The supplier delivers goods onto the vessel at the named port; the buyer takes over from that point.
DDP	Delivered duty paid. The seller delivers to the named place and pays import duty and taxes.
CBM	Cubic meter. The unit for carton volume, used to plan container loads and freight.
Dimensional weight	A weight calculated from carton size, used by couriers when the volume is large compared with the actual weight.
HS code	A numeric tariff classification code used by customs. Your broker should confirm the correct one for your product.

Term	Meaning
Denier (D)	A unit for yarn thickness. A higher number means thicker yarn.
GSM or g/m2	Fabric weight in grams per square meter.
Bolster	A raised rim or side that a dog can lean on.
Fill weight	The weight of fill inside the bed, stated per size.
Density (foam)	Mass of foam per unit volume, in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter.
ILD	Indentation load deflection, a common measure of foam firmness. Ask which method the supplier uses.
Baffle	A stitched wall inside a bed that keeps fill from moving.
Liner	An inner bag around the fill, inside the outer cover.

Term	Meaning
AQL	Acceptable quality limit. A sampling plan that sets how many defects in a sample are tolerated before a lot is rejected.
Pre-shipment inspection	An inspection of finished goods before they leave the supplier.
Golden sample	The approved sample that production is measured against.
Dye lot	A batch of fabric dyed together. Color can differ between lots.
COA	Certificate of analysis. A document from a lab or a supplier reporting test results for a specific lot.
Test report	A report from a testing body that names the product, the method, and the result.